青花菜肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶基因的克隆与表达特征分析

为研究肉桂酰辅酶A还原酶在青花菜生长发育中的作用,采用RT-PCR技术克隆青花菜Bo CCR基因全长c DNA序列,并利用q RT-PCR检测其在不同器官中的表达模式。结果表明:Bo CCR基因开放阅读框为987 bp,推导编码328个氨基酸。预测蛋白分子量为36.86 ku,PI值为6.04。该蛋白亲水性氨基酸多于疏水性氨基酸,为亲水性蛋白。高级结构预测表明青花菜Bo CCR蛋白具有完整的二级结构,三级结构的α-螺旋主要位于外部,β-折叠位于内部。分子进化分析显示CCR蛋白在植物进化过程中,各属形成单独的分枝,可以区分其亲缘关系。荧光定量技术检测到青花菜的Bo CCR基因在花蕾发育早期表达最高,推测该基因可能与青花菜花粉发育相关。     

CD147 monoclonal antibody-mediated nanoparticles for gene therapy to target lung cancer cells

AIM: In this study, CD147 antibody was used to carry out targeted modification of nanoparticles for protein kinase Cε (PKCε)-siRNA gene therapy to target lung cancer cells. The inhibitory effects of the nanoparticles on the proliferation and invasion of the lung cancer cells were observed. METHODS: The magnetic nanoparticles targeting CD147 protein were assembled as gene vector. The expression of CD147 in the lung cancer cells was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope. The cells were divided into CP group, CN group and LP group as the experimental groups. Targeted nanoparticles were used as CA group. Non-transfected cells were used as control group. The cell transfection was carried out with 250 ng plasmids/well in 6-well plate. The effect of nanocontrast agent on the cell endocytosis was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope. The mRNA expression of PKCε was detected by RT-qPCR. The protein expression of Ki67, MMP3, PKCε, Wnt1 and GAPDH was determined by Western blot. The cell proliferation ability was detected with colony formation assay. The cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell method. RESULTS: The expression of CD147 protein in the human lung cancer A549 cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The endocytosis of siRNA into the A549 cells in CP group was observed with the highest efficiency as compared with CN group and LP group. The relative mRNA expression of PKCε in the A549 cells of CP group, CN group, LP group and CA group were (9.76±0.18)%, (98.51±0.32)%, (99.17±0.16)% and (99.68±0.11)%, respectively. The difference between CP group and control group was statistically significant (P<0.05). No significant difference among CN group, LP group and control group was observed. The protein expression of PKCε, Ki-67, MMP3 and Wnt1 in CP group was significantly reduced, and the protein expression levels among CN group, LP group and control group had no significant difference. The colony number in CP group was significantly smaller than that in control group (P<0.05). The effective colony numbers in CN group, LP group and CA group had no significant difference as compared with control group. The number of the invading cells in CP group was significantly less than that in control group (P<0.05). The numbers of the invading cells in CN group, LP group and CA group had no significant difference as compared with control group. CONCLUSION: Nanogene vector targeting CD147 can carry PKCε-siRNA to conduct gene therapy efficiently on the lung cancer cells to achieve effective inhibitory effects on the proliferation and invasion of the lung cancer cells.     

苹果属无融合生殖SERKs基因家族的克隆和表达分析

本研究利用同源克隆法以苹果属平邑甜茶和杂种后代叶片为试验材料,克隆得到4个SERK基因家族片段,并分析了SERKs家族基因在平邑甜茶和杂种后代不同器官和组织中的表达情况。研究结果表明:分离获得的4个SERK基因家族片段的氨基酸序列与模式植物拟南芥、烟草等植物的同源性均在84%以上,同时与其他物种的氨基酸序列进行Blast比对都具有较高的同源性;RT-PCR定量分析结果表明SERK1、SERK2、SERK3、SERK4基因主要在生殖器官中表达。因此,推测SERKs基因在平邑甜茶和杂种后代生殖发育过程中起着重要的调控作用。本研究结果为进一步揭示无融合生殖的发生机理奠定了基础。     

两个新的黄瓜SnRK2基因的鉴定及特征分析

植物SnRK2基因在非生物逆境应答中具有重要功能,但有关黄瓜SnRK2基因的研究尚缺乏报道。笔者通过对黄瓜基因组的重新挖掘,发现了2个新的SnRK2基因,分别与拟南芥的SnRK2.4和SnRK2.10同源。本试验对2个新的黄瓜SnRK2基因的结构特征及顺式调控元件进行了全面分析,为进一步研究其在黄瓜逆境应答中的功能奠定了基础。     

Lipid-rich bovine serum albumin improves the viability and hatching ability of porcine blastocysts produced in vitro

The effects of lipid-rich bovine serum albumin (LR-BSA) on the development of porcine blastocysts produced in vitro were examined. Addition of 0.5 to 5 mg/ml LR-BSA to porcine blastocyst medium (PBM) from Day 5 (Day 0 = in vitro fertilization) significantly increased the hatching rates of blastocysts on Day 7 and the total cell numbers in Day-7 blastocysts. When Day-5 blastocysts were cultured with PBM alone, PBM containing LR-BSA, recombinant human serum albumin or fatty acid-free BSA, addition of LR-BSA significantly enhanced hatching rates and the cell number in blastocysts that survived compared with other treatments. The diameter, ATP content and numbers of both inner cell mass and total cells in Day-6 and Day-7 blastocysts cultured with PBM containing LR-BSA were significantly higher than in blastocysts cultured with PBM alone, whereas LR-BSA had no effect on mitochondrial membrane potential. The mRNA levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and β-oxidation (ACSL1, ACSL3, CPT1, CPT2 and KAT) in Day-7 blastocysts were significantly upregulated by the addition of LR-BSA. The results indicated that LR-BSA enhanced hatching ability and quality of porcine blastocysts produced in vitro, as determined by ATP content, blastocyst diameter and expression levels of the specific genes, suggesting that the stimulatory effects of LR-BSA arise from lipids bound to albumin.     

可可泛素结合酶基因家族的生物信息学初步分析

泛素结合酶(E2s)促进底物泛素化或者与E3s链接,是靶蛋白泛素化的关键酶,在泛素-蛋白酶体途径中起重要作用。利用可可(Theobroma cacao L.)全基因组测序数据,共鉴定出45个E2s基因家族成员,包括39个UBC和6个UEV基因。通过生物信息学方法,对可可E2s家族的基本理化性质、基因结构、二级结构预测、亚细胞定位、进化关系等方面进行初步分析。结果表明:可可E2s基因CDS长度在441(Tc UEV3)~3 651 bp(Tc UBC7)之间,对应的编码蛋白氨基酸数目在146(Tc UEV3)~1 216 aa(Tc UBC7)之间,编码蛋白分子量在16.39~134.71 ku之间。E2s基因外显子在1~11之间,多数基因外显子数目在5~7之间。E2s基因在10条染色体上均有分布,1号染色体为7个,数量最多;6号染色体2个基因,数量最少。可可E2s蛋白大多为不稳定蛋白,且均为亲水性蛋白,其二级结构以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主要构成元件。大多数可可E2s蛋白定位在细胞核,少数定位在内质网或者细胞质。进化树分析表明:可可E2s蛋白被分为20个亚家族,包括16个UBC亚家族和4个UEV亚家族,第Ⅵ亚家族E2s数目最多为9个;E2s家族蛋白在物种进化过程中具有高度保守性。     

冰草高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基基因的分离及结构特征分析

通过SDS-PAGE分析，在二倍体、四倍体和六倍体冰草[Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.]中都检测到2个表达的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS），但不同倍性的材料之间，以及相同倍性材料的不同种子之间的HMW-GS组成均有所不同。利用PCR技术对冰草的HMW-GS基因进行克隆，结果从二倍体、四倍体和六倍体冰草中分别克隆了3个、1个和3个y型HMW-GS基因的全长编码区序列。序列分析表明，只有来自六倍体冰草中的Bsy2基因具有完整的开放阅读框，编码1个有487氨基酸残基、分子量约为53 kD的HMW-GS，大小相当于SDS-PAGE图谱中的大亚基。而其余6个基因均在中间重复区发生了无义突变。本文对冰草HMW-GS基因的结构特点和进化关系进行了分析。     

细粒棘球蚴TSP1和TSP6基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

为了研究绵羊细粒棘球蚴重要抗原基因Tetraspanin 1-TSP1(TSP1)和Tetraspanin 1-TSP6(TSP6)的功能,对Gen Bank中Eg基因组数据库检索,获得TSP1和TSP6的c DNA序列并设计特异性引物。以Eg头节为总RNA模板,进行RT-PCR,将PCR产物克隆到p MD19-T载体后测序并进行生物信息学分析。TSP1 c DNA全长792个核苷酸,编码263个氨基酸,该多肽含有3个潜在的N端糖基化位点,2个N端酰基化位点,与已登录的标准株TSP1基因序列(EG_11043)同源性为98.99%,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为98.48%;TSP6 c DNA全长666个核苷酸,编码221个氨基酸,该多肽含有5个N端酰基化位点,1个酪氨酸激酶磷酸化位点,与已登录的标准株TSP6基因序列(EG_00715)同源性为98.18%,其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为85.07%。运用分子生物学软件对Eg TSP1和TSP6基因进行生物信息学分析,预测已知序列的蛋白质抗原的结构和表位,为疫苗的研发奠定了前期基础。     

玉米胚乳突变基因与互作对籽粒成份的影响 Ⅲ.su_1基因与sh_2、bt_2基因的互作效应及其利用价值

研究了su_1基因与sh_2,bt_2基因互作对玉米籽粒粒重及营养成份的影响,探讨了这些互作效应对玉米品质育种的利用价值。结果表明:su_1基因与sh_2,bt_2基因互作大幅度降低籽粒百粒重,增加可溶性糖、还原糖和蔗糖含量,降低淀粉含量,增加蛋白质及蛋白质组分中清蛋白、球蛋白和谷蛋白含量,降低醇溶蛋白含量。籽粒氨基酸组成中,天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸等氨基酸受基因互作影响较大。籽粒发育过程中双突变体一般表现为:粒重早期与正常型及单突变体相差不多,但后期增长缓慢;淀粉、醇溶蛋白早期含量较低,后期增长幅度亦较小;蛋白质含量下降量较小;可溶性糖及还原糖早期含量较高,后期下降速度随时期或基因组合而异。研究表明,su_1基因与sh_2、bt_2基因互作可以进一步提高籽粒营养成份,对玉米品质改良具有特殊的利用价值,但提高粒重是这类基因互作效应应用的关键。     

茶树叶绿素合成相关基因克隆及在白叶1号不同白化阶段的表达

高等植物叶绿素的生物合成对其正常光合作用起关键作用。本文根据前期芯片杂交结果, 采用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆了3个茶树叶绿素合成相关基因, 分别为谷氨酸-tRNA还原酶(CsGluTR)、叶绿素合酶(CsChlS)、叶绿素酸醋氧化酶(CsCAO), 对应的GenBank的登录号为HQ660371、HQ660370、HQ660369。序列分析表明, CsGluTR基因全长2165 bp, 开放阅读框长1665 bp, 编码554个氨基酸, 推测的蛋白分子量约为60.6 kD, 理论等电点为8.78;CsChlS基因全长1463 bp, 其中开放阅读框长1125 bp, 编码374个氨基酸, 推测的蛋白分子量约为40.5 kD, 理论等电点为8.58;CsCAO基因全长2146 bp, 其中开放阅读框长1611 bp, 编码536个氨基酸, 推测的蛋白分子量约为60.8 kD, 理论等电点为8.03。比对分析表明, 3个基因编码的氨基酸序列与其他植物中同源基因的相似性均在70%以上。利用荧光定量PCR技术检测3个基因在不同白化阶段的表达,表明, CsChlS和CsCAO基因具有明显的表达协同性, 它们在叶片中的表达量与叶片的颜色变化高度同步;而CsGluTR在白化叶片和正常叶片中的表达差异相对较小, 同时在新生芽叶转绿过程中最先恢复正常表达水平。说明在白化叶片中, 叶绿素的合成机制受到较大影响, 叶绿素合成受阻导致的叶片内色素类物质含量降低或消失是叶片白化的直接原因。